1, otsika aloyi mkulu mphamvu structural chitsulo

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, milatho, zombo, magalimoto, zotengera zokakamiza ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zili mu kaboni (kusanthula kusungunuka) nthawi zambiri siziposa 0.20%, zomwe zili ndi alloying nthawi zambiri siziposa 2.5%, mphamvu zokolola sizichepera. kuposa 295MPa, imakhala ndi kulimba mtima komanso kuwotcherera kwachitsulo chochepa cha aloyi.

2, carbon structural zitsulo

Mpweya zitsulo ntchito nyumba, milatho, zombo, magalimoto ndi nyumba zina, amene ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu inayake, katundu zimakhudza ndi kuwotcherera katundu pakufunika.

3. Chitsulo chomangira nyumba

Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zazitali ndi zofunikira.Pamafunika kukhala ndi kulimba kwamphamvu, mphamvu zokwanira, kuwotcherera kwabwino, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwina, komanso magwiridwe antchito amtundu ngati pakufunika.

4. Chitsulo cha Bridges

Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga njanji ndi Highway Bridges.Imafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba kokwanira, kukhudzika kocheperako, kulimba kwa kutentha pang'ono, kumva kukalamba, kukana kutopa komanso kuwotcherera.Chitsulo chachikulu ndi Q345q, Q370q, Q420q ndi zina otsika aloyi mkulu mphamvu zitsulo.

5. Hull zitsulo

Kuwotcherera bwino ndi katundu wina, oyenera kukonza dongosolo lalikulu la zitsulo za sitima ndi sitimayo.Chitsulo cha sitimayo chimafunikira kuti chikhale champhamvu kwambiri, kulimba bwino, kukana kugogoda komanso kukana kugwa kwamadzi akuya.

6. Zitsulo zotengera zokakamiza

Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zombo zokakamiza za petrochemical, kulekanitsa gasi ndi kusungirako gasi ndi zida zonyamulira.Pamafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira ndi kulimba, ntchito kuwotcherera wabwino ndi ozizira ndi otentha processing luso.Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chimakhala chitsulo chochepa cha aloyi ndi chitsulo cha carbon.

7, chitsulo chotsika kutentha

Popanga zida zokakamiza ndi zida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi -20 ℃, zitsulo zokhala ndi kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa komanso katundu wazowotcherera zimafunikira.Malinga ndi kutentha kosiyana, chitsulo chachikulu ndi chitsulo chochepa cha aloyi, chitsulo cha nickel ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic.

8, boiler zitsulo

Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga superheater, chitoliro chachikulu cha nthunzi, chitoliro cha khoma lamadzi ndi ng'oma ya boiler.Zimafunika kukhala ndi makina abwino kutentha kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri, makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri zamchere, mphamvu zokwanira zokhazikika komanso kuphulika kwapulasitiki.Chitsulo chachikulu ndi chitsulo cha pearlite kutentha (chromium-molybdenum zitsulo), chitsulo cha chromium-nickel (chromium-nickel steel), chitsulo chamtengo wapatali cha carbon (20 zitsulo) ndi chitsulo chochepa cha alloy high mphamvu.

9. Chitsulo chapaipi

Chitsulo chamafuta ndi gasi wolekanitsa chitoliro cha nthawi yayitali.Ndi aloyi otsika mkulu mphamvu chitsulo ndi mphamvu mkulu, kulimba mkulu, machinability kwambiri, weldability ndi kukana dzimbiri.

10, chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri chimapereka mphamvu ndi kulimba kwamphamvu kopitilira 1200MPa ndi 1400MPa motsatana.Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu ndi mphamvu zamphamvu kwambiri, zolimba zokwanira, zimatha kupirira zovuta zambiri, panthawi imodzimodziyo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zapadera, kotero kuti kapangidwe kake kamene kangathe kuchepetsa kulemera kwake.

11. Poyerekeza ndi wamba mpweya structural zitsulo, apamwamba mpweya structural zitsulo ali otsika zili sulfure, phosphorous ndi inclusions sanali zitsulo.Malinga ndi zomwe zili ndi mpweya komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zimagawidwa kukhala chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, sing'anga mpweya zitsulo ndi zitsulo za carbon, etc., zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina ndi akasupe.

12. Aloyi structural zitsulo

Pamaziko a carbon structural zitsulo ndi zinthu zoyenera alloying, izo makamaka ntchito kupanga zitsulo mbali makina ndi lalikulu gawo kukula.Ili ndi kuuma koyenera, kulimba kwamphamvu, kulimba ndi kutopa mphamvu komanso kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kosinthika pambuyo popereka chithandizo cha kutentha.Chitsulo chamtunduwu makamaka chimaphatikizapo chitsulo chowumitsa ndi chowotcha, chitsulo chowumitsa pamwamba ndi pulasitiki ozizira kupanga zitsulo.

13. Chitsulo chosagwira kutentha

Aloyi zitsulo ndi mphamvu mkulu ndi wabwino mankhwala bata pa kutentha kwambiri.Kuphatikizapo makutidwe ndi okosijeni - chitsulo chosagwira (kapena chotchedwa kutentha - chitsulo chosagwira) ndi kutentha - zitsulo zolimba magulu awiri.Chitsulo chosamva okosijeni nthawi zambiri chimafunikira kukhazikika kwamankhwala, koma chimanyamula katundu wocheperako.Chitsulo champhamvu chotenthetsera chimafunikira kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kwa okosijeni.

14, weathering chitsulo (mumlengalenga dzimbiri zosagwira chitsulo)

Onjezani mkuwa, phosphorous, chromium, faifi tambala ndi zinthu zina kuti muchepetse kukana kwa dzimbiri mumlengalenga.Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimagawidwa kukhala zitsulo zotentha kwambiri komanso zitsulo zowotcherera zitsulo zanyengo.